Monetarization of Environmental Assets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Monetarization of Environmental Assets - Essay ExampleWhile this approach was reasonable in the past, the industrial revolution and its associated effects such as increased rate of population growth started to gain a substantial degree of human impact on the environment. Over the past two centuries, it has get going increasingly clear to most environmentalists that human impacts on the environment are irreversible and this might at long last limit the ability of humans to continue thriving on the planet (Khalil, 1999). Over a close spanning the last three decades, there has been a global concern over this problem and the search is presently underway for the establishment of strategies that will aid in the minimization of human impacts on the environment date at the same time improving the quality of life of the billions of people that are currently financial support in abject poverty across the globe.Cost-benefit analysis is generally a comparison of the various increases in h uman well-being (benefits) and the reductions that humanity experiences in social welfare (costs) as applied to a given(p) policy or action.In this regard, for a given policy or project to be able to confine as being viable as based on cost-benefit grounds, its total social benefits must be found to exceed its total social costs. Whereas cost-benefit analysis is usually conducted for the specific project, the scope of this analysis provoke easily be extended to wider limits such as the assessment of the policies that have been designed to aid in the combating of climate change (OECD, 2007).

Article Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article - Assignment Examplea. Selection Depending on the two classes chosen, the demographics of the school itself crowd out greatly influence the outcome of the experiment due to goals. Both classes be yearned to a small public subsidiary school. Depending on who the subjects are, the outcome could be seen as different.c. Mortality The dropping out of subjects coffin nail lead to an overall attrition but should non have an impact on the internal validity of the experiment. As long as the control group is consistent inside the rest of the experiment, people dropping out merely lessons the subject amount and not the quality of the subjects.d. Regression This has to do with causeing towards to average. The people with the lowest score aim to get a higher mark because they quarter only get better. Instead of flavor at it from and improvement standpoint, it is important to view the subjects as making gradual strides to improve instead of an explicit jump.e. Testing If you repe atedly test a student, this could easily lead to a bias that causes change within the experiment. Subjects may remember the correct answer from previous questions and therefore, they are not coming from an unbiased persuasion but instead, using memory to help them get through. Also, sometimes too much testing does not give enough room for actual growth.f. Instrumentation Depending on what instruments or manipulatives is used during the experiment, the outcome can be different. The Partial experiment is different from the full experiment due to its implementations.g. History History can affect the outcome because students are affected every day by their environment and therefore, without the control of the variables, zero point is consistent. This can greatly affect the experiment as history changes perspective.The findings of the study are that the pupils involved in the full experiment and the partial experiment scored differently due to exposure of manipulatives and

Compare contrast romeo and juliet with west side story Essay

Compare contrast romeo and juliet with west billet story - Essay ExampleFirst, the plays were written in different periods, so their characters are not similar. This is a statement to establish in the following discussion/comparison of the devil plays.The two stories revolve nearly disagreements between families with opposing values and conclude in the demise of young adults. This is because the young people relate had a notion that their deep love to each other would surmount the aggression between the families (Gibbons 3). In Romeo and Juliet, Juliets family (Capulet) considered themselves as noble, mend Romeos family (Montague) was a humble family. Juliet was a young virgin miss 14 years of age, who had been promised to marry a man of the familys own choice. However, she cared less for the man. It occurred that Romeo, accompanied by his friends, crashed at the Capulets party and instantly fell in love with Juliet.At that time, when Juliet was falling in love with Romeo, she had no idea who he was. Juliet came to know more about Romeo from her cousin, who identified him as a family enemy. Romeo and his friends were ousted by the Capulet family from the party. Some days later, Romeo returned back to Juliets home where they met on her balcony. He slept with her and promised to marry her. The two families issued various threats against each other, and Romeo accidentally killed Juliets cousin (Bly 17). Romeo was banished from the city. Conversely, in the West Side Story, Tony was Polish while Maria was a Puerto Rican residing in New York. Just like the Montague and the Capulet, the two groups had people who protected them regardless of the aggressiveness between the two families. Tony is killed by a gang in the end as a result of the union between him and Maria (Laurents 3). Maria decided to move on after Tonys death despite the strong love she had for him.The West Side Story plot and performance is in Manhattan Upper West Side. The story revolves around t he conflict between two youth

Cyber Terrorisum Past Present and Future Research Paper

Cyber Terrorisum Past Present and coming(prenominal) - Research Paper Exampleenied any previous occurrence of cyber terrorism, different countries and nations bugger off presented some reports reflecting much(prenominal) cases, United States being one of them. Cyber terrorism is, therefore, real and it requires global intervention to address the issue. This is beca habituate cyber terrorism has no physical boundaries and therefore, it is not limited to any specific locations in the world. The steps that are being interpreted currently or that exit be taken to fight cyber terrorism are or will be the key determinants of the intensity and chances of its occurrence in the future.This paper will, therefore, discuss cyber terrorism in sex sour to its definition, the difference between Cyber terrorism and information warfare, the main targets of cyber terrorism, and the reasons why IT is the most preferred tool for cyber terrorism. It in any case discusses the drawbacks, as well as some of the preventive measures that cannister be undertaken at national, company and person level to deal with the evil and disastrous act of cyber terrorism.Terrorism involves the act of violence and illegal use of force against other people or their properties. This intimidates the government as well as the civilian population. The act of terrorism is affablely and politically motivated. On the other hand, cyber terrorism combines the act of terrorism with the technology. Although many authors have given different definitions of what cyber terrorism is, there is no universally accepted definition of cyber terrorism. According to Olmstead and Siraj (2009), cyber terrorism is an act resulting from the ability of the terrorists to adapt to the dynamic nature of the society and technology, which makes them more resourceful and skillful. Cyber terrorism can therefore be defined as the use of computer systems, programs and data to intimidate others, with a social or political agenda . This means that cyber terrorism is not only a reality, but also a very dangerous act of threat and violence both to the

Cases of Cyber Crimes and Threat of Terrorism Assignment - 1

Cases of Cyber Crimes and Threat of Terrorism - Assignment ensampleQ3. Computer animation can yield realism and speed to a befuddle. An image can be generated for the project and stored for later use without the need for drawing again or restructuring. This saves project time and cost. It constantly requires the animator to legally determine the requirements of each phase of the project. However, program limitations often limit computer animations. On the other hand, 3D modeling approach has a big advantage of improving the overall excogitation quality and ensures the minimal need for re-drawing. It lowers the time required for developing new designs and eliminates possible costly errors. However, effective results require training and it usually entails high start-up cost. Moreover, it is usually difficult to obtain a conceptual form.6) Cost-benefit analytic thinking this section provides details about the cost of the project compared with the benefits of the project, thus pro viding critical information for deciding whether to comply the project or not.Accurate estimation of time and a cipher requirement for a project is one of the most challenging tasks in project planning. Lack of historical data on which to pay off time and cost estimates for new projects makes time and budget estimation difficult, thus the possibility of under or overestimating the time and budget required for any particular project. Lack of historical data makes it impossible to get along various hiccups in the process of implementation of the project that can lead to late project outcome and costs above the initial budget. Also, little or no relationship between projects makes time and budget estimation difficult.

Slaughterhouse Five and 1984 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Slaughterhouse five-spot and 1984 - Essay ExampleThis war not only drastically changed the geo-political landscape, but had ramifications that ran deeply into artistic and philosophical paradigms. While published directly afterward the War, George Orwells 1984 is a strongly orderrnist text. In this work Orwell presents a political satire set in the future context of Oceania. This city has given way to extreme an extreme collectivist and totalitarian regimen known simply as The Party. Within this context of understanding Orwell presents a significant perspective on the nature of the human condition, warning future generations about potential threats to human existence. Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse Five is firmly rooted in modes of post-modern expression. This work follows protagonist Billy Pilgrim through a configuration of wartime annals explorations. Ultimately this novels depiction of the human experience is profoundly unsettling and destabilizing. Even as these texts regis ter many contrasting concerns, at their core they both explore the essence of the human condition. This essay compares and contrasts Orwells 1984 and Vonneguts Slaughterhouse Five in terms of their portrayal of what it means to be human and what the individual novels offer as the major threats to the humanity of humans. AnalysisThe exploration of the human condition and threats to humanity strain the backbone of thematic explorations in George Orwells 1984.... In these regards, Orwell notes, The Ministry of Truth, which concerned itself with news, entertainment, education, and the fine arts. The Ministry of Peace, which concerned itself with war. The Ministry of Love, which maintained justice and order. And the Ministry of Plenty, which was responsible for economic affairs. Their names, in Newspeak Minitrue, Minipax, Miniluv, and Miniplenty (Orwell, pg. 3). Here, Orwell plays on both the nature of dustup and satire in his term of modes of government. Consider the cyclical recur rence of The Partys slogan, WAR IS PEACE/ FREEDOM IS SLAVERY/ IGNORANCE IS long suit (Orwell, pg. 1). In addition to further establishing the political message of the oppressive government apparatus, Orwells implementation of this mode of propaganda speaks to one of the fundamental threats to humanity existing in the linguistic realm. In these regards, The Party slogan where conventional words that were associated with virtuous practices, such as peace, freedom, and strength, are replaced with words that have traditionally been associated with negativity war, slavery, and strength. This feel of the novel, which is also exemplified in the naming of the government institutions as well as in a variety of other incarnations including Newspeak is significant in that it shows one of the fundamental aspects of the human condition is humanitys gateway to reality through language. As these certain elements in language have become traditionally associated with haughty values, a prominent threat to humanity becomes the potential of the government or political interests to co-opt these modes of language for their own political aims. The prominence of language to the human condition is further expressed

Global Warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 9

orbiculate Warming - Research Paper ensampleNow it is confirmed by scientific world that a phenomenon called world-wide calefacient is destroying earth slowly. Global warming is a process happened collectible to the manipulation of strong law of nature which had led to a huge problem which could be the destruction of life on earth sooner or later. (Thesis).Global warming is new to the population of 21st century .The environment may well be the intestine issue that can unify a polarized nation in the 1970s. It may also divide the great unwashed who are appalled by the mess from those who have adapted to it. Here we can see that, it is in the 21st century that people realized the great aftermath of environmental pollution. In 20th century, lone(prenominal) intellectuals, scientist and anthropologist predicted environmental disaster as they have the mental potentiality to vision the future. But the men of this maturate did not experience any threat from nature due to the industr ial revolution.Now Global warming is not an unfamiliar words to many but it can be briefly explained to get a better understanding of the process. The world(prenominal) warming is not an instant event but a answer of nature to a century old industrialization and evolution of nature. When the earths surface temperature rises due to the emission of green house gases the phenomenon is called global warming. Here, the main culprit is the carbon dioxide emission.The use of fossil fuels, oxen breeding, industrial activities are the main activities which emits carbon dioxide. This accompanied by pollution, deforestation and natural resource exploitation add to the negative effect.When one thinks of global warming the phrase which comes into mind is that nature dont take leaps. It is a fact that nature dont take leaps but act on a slow basis. Gradually, as people entered the 21st century, the global environmental threat like global warming and rising of sea level

Dss Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Dss - Case Study ExampleTherefore, this paper aims to study the exercise of Decision advocate System in the UAE including the analysis of its effectiveness on the business atomic number 18na. The selected application is the Enterprise Resource readying (ERP), which is an application that integrated both internal and external information of different departmental sections in an organization. The application is aimed to allow the flowing of information between marketing, accounting, finance, and manufacturing, whilst managing the customer preferences and profiles. In addition, the research study also exhibits the sizeableness of the ERP in place to determine its viability into the competitive global market.An effective DSS is the computerized application that assists the decision makers in amass important information from a mixture of documents, raw data, business models, and personal knowledge in order to make decisions that solves the underlying or predicted problems. The busi ness information that a DSS may assist include dressing of inventories for assets, projecting revenue costs based on the sales assumptions, and comparing sales figures, among others (Power, 2002).However, there are different areas in UAE under which DSS can be applied including in construction modeling support, in schools learning management system, in operational management to assist employees, and automating financial records in accounts and finance departments. Other areas include human resource systems to monitor employees performance and attendance, for security monitoring by signing the visitors in and out or verifying their documents. In other words, DSS can be employ in several areas, although it moldiness be interactive and effective to all management staff. The organization must attend there is satisfaction of all employee levels in adopting a new DSS in order to ensure its functionality and

Wildlife and Forest Management in Kanbula National Park Term Paper

Wildlife and Forest counselling in Kanbula issue cat valium - Term Paper ExampleWildlife and woodwind instrument management is essential to keep its natural beauty and to maintain the ecological processes within. However, there are many factors that affect the wildlife and the forest as industrialization is boosting in the realms of Chinas borders. Despite the fact that the Liajiaxia Hydroelectric Power Station is producing sassy energy, it ironically has caused several alterations to the ecological system of the Kanbula Forest. This paper aims to 1) provide an exposition about the characteristics of the Kanbula National Park 2) determine the allude of Lijiaxia Hydro Power Plant to the ecological process within Kanbula National Park and 3) hint several ways of wildlife and forest management mend taking into consideration the present condition of the Kanbula National Park. Introduction Forest ecosystem consists primarily of trees and other naturally growing plants. It nurtur es various types of wild animals and other species. The forest ecosystem, like the Kanbula Forest, provides people with food, fuel, timber and fiber. Other than these, around people do not recognize the conditional relation of forests among their lives. Forests provide protection of the hydrologic cycle. They also help in climate regulation because forests are basically natural sinks of carbon, which is one of the greenhouse gases that harm the planet (Espaldon et al, 2004). Kanbula forest is one of the most diverse across China. However, most of its flora and fauna are at risk of extinction. Major causes of forest destruction include industrialization, commercialism and weak enforcement of forest laws (Sajise et al, 1996). This paper will dig deeper into several issues that Kanbula National Park is facing, and how these issues or factors impact the forests ecological system. Characteristics of Kanbula National Park Geographical Position The Kanbula National Park is locate in No rthwest of Jianza County of Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous States in Qinghai Province, with total area of 15,054 hectares and altitude of 2,100 to 4,000 meters above sea level (Hong, Shi, 2009). The Kanbula forest is basically a subalpine forest as it is located in blue altitude. The forest is also located in the transition zone from Loess Plateau to Qinghai Tibet Plateau. Thus, it is the warmest region in Qinghai Province. It borders on the Yellow River in the North and is adjacent to the Liajiaxia Hydroelectric Power Station. Huge mountains extend from the forest with trees cover resembling a sea of forest. There are deflated hills around the Kanbula Forest that are formed referable to erosion from wind and sand. The hills are called red cloud landforms. Climate Characteristics Cold and warm weathers are the 2 general climate condition in the forest. Cold season is characterized by cold, windy and dry air, while dry season features monsoon and warm and humid air. According to met eorological data records, the average temperature of the forest is 1 to 2.9C (Wu, 2007). The warmest calendar month (July) has a daily temperature of 11.5-13.4C. The coldest month (January) has average daily temperature -12-10.1C(Wu, 2007). From March to September month average is temperature of 7-8.4 C stable over time through 0C for 190 long time plant growing period mean diurnal temperature 13.l C, 2,622-2,900 hours of annual sunshine hours, global solar ray of light 609-647 kJ / cm. Annual rainfall is 450-490 mm, annual evaporation 1,923 mm. Annual average wind speed 19 meters per second, more concentrated in the January to April (Wu, 2007). Soil Characteristics Kanbula forests soil has five categories. The first type is alpine shrub meadow soil that is found at the altitude between 3,600 and 3,900 meters. The second type is the

Children and IQ Testing Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Children and IQ Testing - Coursework ExampleWhen ontogenesis childrens cognitive and physical features are very challenging tasks. Their learning abilities depend on the teachers influence, surround and individual interests. Therefore, it is vital for teachers to identify their students strengths and put more emphasis on their weak areas. In cases where slightly students perform well than others, it is the duty of teachers to arrange for private tutorials for weak students. This motivates them greatly and helps them in clarifying the areas they did not understand in class.In my view, these gifted students should not be placed in special schools kinda be mixed. That way, they can use their skills to help the weak ones shit their goals (Rosenberg et al., 2007, p. 415). In addition, gifted students have a high degree of empathy for other students. Therefore, through this they can assist their fellow students in conducting their assignments and meeting the teachers objectives.Finally, closely public schools have not been able to meet the needs of extremely gifted students. This is because they lack adapted learning resources to nurture students of such behavior. Therefore,more funds should be channeled to public schools so that gifted students can realize their full

DNA Evidence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

desoxyribonucleic acid Evidence - question Paper ExampleThe research on DNA demonstrate started showing significant improvement by the 20th century. DNA demonstrate became widespread and it became a problem-solving tool for immigration disputes, refining the assay, resolving exemplification identity, detecting genetic differences and identifying criminals thus, the need for DNA identity testing became significant. Historically, DNA severalize began in the forensic field when ABO blood group was used as a system in providing evidence of crime issues. Later, the paternity identification that based on serum protein variation became commonly used. However, it was not until when Jeffrey became a pioneer of DNA based identity testing. DNA evidence became common in federal courts, and the offset DNA evidence was carried out in the court case of Andrews Vs., Florida in 1988 (Newton, 2008). Many states started adopting DNA evidence in order to identify crime issues as a way of maintaini ng criminal justice. DNA evidence started evolving as an effective technique of providing proof over crimes issues. It is used up to present in some areas including clinical applications for testing identity, and also solving paternity issues in case of child denial or resolving specimen identity thus determining the origin of mishandled specimens. The major sources of DNA evidence imply semen, bone, blood, skin cells, copper, teething, urine, tissue, saliva, feces, and vomit. First, blood is one of the main sources of DNA evidence. The substrate in which bloodstain is found can witness the DNA testing thus providing effective evidence in case of homicide or any otherwise crimes issues. Blood contains some substances that may hamper successful DNA testing process thus, these substances can be removed through purification methods (Parks, 2010). DNA profiling is the only way through which scientists can be able to stain of a given blood mixture. Through DNA testing, one can be a ble to determine in case specimen are from the same or different sexes. seed is another source of DNA testing. The semen stains can be analyzed and examined as well as tested through conventional methods in order to provide the required evidence. Sperm cell staining can process in determining in case the stain is the outcome of vaginal drainage. This pull up stakes enable scientists to determine the rape cases through DNA analysis of semen stains. Moreover, body tissues, saliva and hair roots are among the major sources of DNA evidence. DNA strand isolation from body tissues can help in achieving the intended goals of DNA evidence. DNA survival can be found in teeth or dense bones. The remains of body tissues that have been scattered by either gunshot or trauma can adhere to the bullet thus, they can sometimes yield sufficient DNA testing. there are some treated tissues by use of the chemical treatment known as methanal and embalming. DNA testing can be successful in both tissu es. For instance, a body of a person killed and buried for many years can still yield better results when used in carrying out DNA evidence. Hair roots can be the legitimate source of DNA evidence, and they are not effective in regular forensic use. Saliva can be taken from penile marks, bite marks,bottles and cigarette butts found in the crime scene. Despite the exciting promise of DNA technology, DNA evidence poses some problems.

IFRS for Small & Medium Entities Literature review

IFRS for meek & Medium Entities - Literature review ExamplePrimarily the objectives of IFRS for SMEs pass water been to support its accounting and financial account system as healthy as dramatically meet the basic financial requirements of these entities which does not lease any public accountability and liability to publish financial statement for its external users (Laptes & Popa, 2009). Contextually, this paper critically evaluates the need of IFRS for SMEs and the challenges in adopting IFRS for SMEs. Aims Behind Applying IFRS For SMEsThe primary aim of the IFRS for SMEs is to appropriate a standard for entities in nations that have no national GAAP (Generally Accepted account Principles). IFRS for SMEs shall not facilitate in providing accounting mannikin in certain specific countries for entities that do not have necessary the resources to adopt full IFRS. other important aim of the application of IFRS is to provide those nations which have already rigid-up their own n ational GAAP with IFRS standards, a framework that shall recognise and understand the needs of accounting framework across the territories. In general, the application of IFRS in SMEs aims at providing financial statements and other financial reporting of profit-oriented entities. Accordingly, it is aimed that with the application of IFRS in SMEs shall be directed towards live up to the common information requirements of an array of users such as shargonholders, employees, creditors, and the public at large as well as facilitating single financial standard for the preparation of financial reporting across the territories (The International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation, 2009 Madawaki, 2012). In addition to above stated aims, there are certain specific aims that are often being considered while applying IFRS in SMEs. These supplementary aims include reduction of cost for SMEs for preparing financial statements, eliminating complexity and harmonizing financial reporting by SMEs particularly private entities operating across the globe (Aristidou, 2012). Thus, it can be argued that the aims and objectives behind the IFRS implementation in SMEs are indeed wholesome and appreciable both from economic as well as accounting perspectives. Benefits of IFRS for SMEs It has been argued that IFRS for SMEs are the self-contained set of principles that comprises the accounting standards based on the total IFRS. Additionally, it has been admitted that SMEs applying IFRS go out have the significant opportunity to prepare their financial reporting statements using a set of reliable standards which is truly based on the global financial reporting language. This will further change SMEs to expand themselves into a new global financial dimension (Samujh, 2007). Additionally, it will also pave the focal point for SMEs to expand globally and increase their capability to generate greater revenue. Precisely stating IFRS for SMEs are likely to provide following benefi ts Understanding the Global Financial Reporting Language SMEs in jurisdictions where IFRS were not being historically used by those SMEs who wish to apply IFRS will became familiar with the requirement of IFRS. Moreover, the application of IFRS by SMEs will facilitate in

Review of one article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Review of one article - seek Exampleonal field by offering people a chance at an affordable training regardless of age, but have also raised the bar of academic performance simply by allowing the students to make their own mistakes and learn on their own with mere guidance from their online educators.Indeed, upbringing has reached a central point where traditional educations might see the emerging educational platforms as a form of notional Destruction while the forward thinkers and future innovators see an avenue of education that will allow for some(prenominal) more development and freedom of learning for the students, at a far lower cost that ordinarily expected. Therefore, it is not right to tag the term Creative Destruction on online education and its supporters.For as farsighted as people the world over have a chance to access higher education at a cost affordable to them, which also allows them the personal growth and learning space involve to become a success in the 21st century, then the objectives of higher education are met. authoritative there is a need for a governing body in order to standardize the online educational process,but that will not erase the fact future business leaders and innovators are fast glide path from online rather than traditional educational

Service Quality RTE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Service Quality RTE - Essay ExampleThe service marketing mix includes process, physical evidence, and people. When go services instead of products, a companys reputation, the process of delivering the service and what is promised, value for the money, and follow up. Other differences include the improbableness of services not being able to be returned and a companys service can be base on one particular sales representative.Council (2006) which states The relationship between the audience and the broadcaster can be very uneven yet good communications between the two are vital for the on-going development of a truly relevant service. RT is committed to being open to its audience, welcoming all contact, listen to all views, and responding promptly and appropriately. To facilitate communication and to enhance accountabilityIn order to provide fictitious character services via services marketing, RTE must be aware of key macro instruction economic milieual factors much(prenominal ) as the climate in which the company conducts business. Regulations and policies set by the government. The economic environment includes the business cycle, evaluate of inflation, and interest rates. The changes in societys trends and markets and technological impact are also macro economic environmental factors. A Political, Economic, Socialcultural, and Technological Analysis (P.E.S.T. or PEST Analysis) is used to examine the macro (external) environment that companies must confront and deal with when conducting business. External factors can be considered bad and yet a dynamic external environment creates opportunities as changes occur. Macro economic environmental factors are forces which affect companies dramatically if not controlled and addressed accordingly. The macro factors are dynamic and produce major changes and trends. Such factors include technology, politics, the status of the economy, and the Last Name 3environment. As stated earlier, these factors (along with m any other macro economic environmental factors) drive the changes that constantly occur.Demographics, or The characteristics of human populations and population segments, especially when used to identify consumer markets, as defined by The American hereditary pattern Dictionary of the English Language (2000) are highly determined. Unlike demographics, however, the macro environmental factor of public opinion is very uncertain. RTE should contract on the factors that are the most important and most uncertain. The company should focus on trends that are observable and measurable as these are good indicators of what changes should expect to happen and the directions in which these changes will take.RTE has an advantage in keeping abreast of the macro environmental factors as the media services (television, radio, business, news,

Write a comparative paper that identifies the similarities and Essay

Write a comparative paper that identifies the similarities and differences between the Crips and the Neo-Nazis - Essay ExampleWhile the Crips choose some of the violent methods of the movement headed by Malcolm-X, it is non political in nature. So, despite its racial affiliation, the center and ends of the gang atomic number 18 largely anti-social. Likewise, in the film American History X, we be exposed to a dark underground cult of American society. Commonly referred to as skin-heads, the Neo-Nazis are the remnants of Hitlers vicious Aryan supremacy movement. (Musto, 2001, p.41) It is interesting how the neo-Nazi movement came into being in America, which was totally isolated from Nazi propaganda during the Second public War.In many ways, both the Crips and the Neo-Nazis are similar in their ruthlessness. They are both identified by the lack of scruples when it comes to targeting, assaulting and eliminating perceived opposition. Blood and forcefulness are an everyday reality for these groups. In feature the moniker Monster was the result of Shakurs brutal, unrelenting assault on an opponent in a street clash. The victim was punched on the face with such ferocity and repetition that his face was permanently impair and he went into a coma. The Neo-Nazis are not far behind in terms of readiness for violence and brutality. (Dichiara & Chabot, 2003, p.23)One area where the Neo-Nazis differ from Crips is the organization size and structure. Crips is a gang with limited members and their localities of operation are also restricted. The Neo-Nazis, on the other hand, are a widespread and ideological sub-culture. Even if their organization is not granted legitimacy by civil society, there is some form of hierarchy and structure. There are protocols to be followed and cult tenets to be adhered to. While one can debate about the veracity of their claims and the relevance of their motives, there is no lack of seriousness. The Neo-Nazis take pride in sacrificing for their cause and do not undulate to endanger their lives for

Employment Discrimination based on Religion Research Paper

fight Discrimination establish on Religion - Research Paper ExampleFurthermore, in a workplace, several employees are often viewed to petition for not to work on certain days due to religious holidays and also seek for a break for prayer. Hypothetically, diverse religious ground activities might raise several arguments concerning the protection of rights of the employees in workplace. These activities arse be regarded as major subjects of concern revealing that every citizen possesses the right of expressing their individual religious beliefs. Furthermore, the activities cigarette also be duly considered as a debatable issue for organizations towards accommodating the right of individuals without flexible organizational objectives. The organizations must possess the responsibility to maintain proper balance with respect to employment rights, treatment of each employees and profitability (Evans, 2007). With this concern, this paper intends to analyze the issue concerning employ ment secretion particularly based upon morality and providing effective solutions to address and mitigate this critical issue. Identification of the Problem of Religious Discrimination in Employment In general, inequality denotes partial or detrimental treatment according to private characteristic. There lays a greater need to understand the aspects of religion and belief for the purpose of identifying the problem associated with employment discrimination based on the aspect of religion. Precisely, religion is described as a belief and worship of a personal preference of god or an acknowledged system of conviction. On the other hand, the word belief is use for a system of moral belief which directs ones life. Thus, based on these aspects, religious discrimination is often characterized by preconception, unfair conduct and harassment or any other form of furiousness based on individual religion or belief. Religious discrimination denotes a disadvantageous thoughtfulness or dist inction of individuals according to religious affiliation, individual belief, faith oriented appearance or evaluate religious relationship. Unfair treatment and hostility based personal beliefs are quite common in organizations and they are often endangered by prejudgment, particularly towards certain religious sections (Evans, 2007). According to the observation do by European Network against Racism (2007), individuals are frequently subjected to discrimination on numerous bases. For instance, in the year 2007, the survey of Eurobarometer Report on Discrimination stated that about 44% of Europeans felt discrimination based on religion. The third country nationals particularly the undocumented migrants, the Jewish and Muslim communities are curiously susceptible towards religious discrimination. For these communities, religious individuality is usually sight as closely associated with racial identicalness (European Network against Racism, 2007). Religious discrimination in empl oyment occurs when an organization treat employees less positively based on religion or certain belief. For instance, an organization can discharge an employee who belongs to Muslim religion. According to the announce of The US Census Bureau, the percentage of the US population, comprising Asian origin has augmented extensively during the period 1990 to 2000. immigration also augmented the diversity among black Americans as new immigrants appeared from Caribbean and Africa. The American organizations have also observed a corresponding increase in workforce diversity. In the year 1999, the number of immigrant employees in the US was about 15.7 jillion, representing 12% of the workforce. Moreover, during the period 1990 to 1998, about 12.7 million new employments were created in the US and among them about 5.1 million i.e. 38% were

Conservation of Biodiversity Essay Example for Free

Conservation of Biodiversity Essay4.3.1 State the arguments for preserving species and habitats.Why conserve biodiversity? The honors of biodiversity can be classified as either direct values or indirect values (see pp.119-120 in the IB ESS line of achievement Companion) Direct values can be (relatively) easily figure outd goods harvested destroyed for consumption (eating) or trade in a market divisorrally physical commodities of some sort private goods value accrues to the proprietor of the resource Examples food sources (heirloom varieties of m whatsoever crops, i.e. corn/maize) natural products (medicines, textiles, fertilizers, pesticides, etc) Indirect values more difficult to calculate stabilize ecosystems (negative feedback cycles) provide benefits but are not generally harvested/destroyed/sold usually function or processes which benefit everyone public goods value accrues to society instead of individuals Examples ecosystem productivity (a. k.a. ecosystem se rvices) i.e. soil aeration, pollination, fertilization, carbon sequestration, group O production ,climate regulation, etc scientific or educational value biological control (an new(prenominal) example of negative feedback) gene sources environmental monitors recreation and ecotourism human health possible future medical applications rights of indigenous peoples intrinsic (ethical) value biorights4.3.2 Compare and contrast the role and activities of intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations in preserving and restoring ecosystems and biodiversity.There are 2 main approaches to conserving biodiversity approximately the world conservation biology and deliverance biology. conservation biology sustainable use and management of resources worldly concern are a part of the picture and their needs are also taken into consideration preservation biology excludes humans and human needs from conservation efforts conservation based on biorightsHow conservation organizations pl ow For a comparison of the work of GOs and NGOs, see Table 6.1 at the riddle of page 122 in your IB ESS Course Companion. It is important to understand how these agencies use media, enforce laws, respond to the issues, and work at heart the political/diplomatic constraints imposed by different governments around the world. government organizations (GOs) part or sort of a national, state, department, or local government ultimately responsible to the voter have the authority to occupy violations of regulations within their jurisdiction examples Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of Agriculture, Eaux et Forets (Water and Forests), and other branches of local and national government agencies intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) generally a part of multi-national organizations, especially the United Nations most agreements are not legally binding under world-wide law, but each signatory country is responsible for legislating and regulating conservation efforts within their a ccept territory the UN and other IGOs Examples UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme), CITES, IPCC (Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change) non-governmental organizations (NGOs) work independently from governments to cling to threatened species and celestial orbits frequently form partnerships with GOs and IGOs to more effectively reach their targeted goals Examples WWF, Greenpeace, and in like manner many others to list here. For a brief summary, visit this Wikipedia page http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_environmental_organizations4.3.3 State and explain the criteria used to spirit defend areas.Be familiar with the idea of island biogeography Two eminent ecologists, the late Robert MacArthur of Princeton University and E. 0. Wilson of Harvardproposed that the number of species on any island reflects a balance between the rate at which new species colonize it and the rate at which populations of accomplished species become extinct. (For a complete explanation, vis it http//www.stanford.edu/group/stanfordbirds/text/essays/Island_Biogeography.html)Essentially, protected areas can be vox populi of as islands within the surrounding landscape. The victor and effectiveness of protected areas depends on several factors 1. size larger space allows for larger populations and gene pools, and a wider variety of species 2. shape round is better than all other shapes because it reduces the edge effect 3. edge effects less edge is better edge creates differences in the bodily structure of an ecosystem, called an ecotone (an area where 2 habitats meet), which influences what may winnerfully live there. 4. corridors provide safe passage between protected areas 5. proximity if protected areas are close to other protected areas, they are more effective than single out islandsThe above points are effectively outlined and explained in Figure 6.6 and on pages 128-129 of the IB ESS Course Companion.4.3.4 Evaluate the success of a named protected area.Eva luate the success of these case studies from the IB ESS Course Companion, as well as at least one local example from India. For each case study, be able to outline and cover responses to the following questionsA. Which species is the area designed to protect?B. Why is/are the species threatened?C. How and why has the protected area been successful?D. What are the weaknesses (and their causes) of the protected area?E. Describe how the criteria used to design protected areas have influenced the success of each case study.Case Studies1. Royal Chitwan content Park, Nepal2. Sichuan Giant Panda sanctuaries, China3. Sepilok Orang Utan Centre, Malaysia4. Yosemite National park, USA5. Serengeti National Park, TZ6. Gir wildlife Sanctuary7. Ranthambore National Park8. Corbet National park9. Kaziranga National Park4.3.5 establish and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the species-based approach to conservation.CITES intergovernmental agreement designed to protect species threatened by international trade involuntary each country is responsible for its own laws, territory, and enforcement

The Healthcare Facility and Staff †You Decide Essay Example for Free

The Healthc ar Facility and Staff You ensconce EssayI. IdentificationThe dilemma is that Mrs. Margie Whitson a patient at Golden Oaks Rehabilitation Center is red through some re every(prenominal) toldy hard times after just loosing her son William close to a week ago. She has alike had to deal with loosing her husband in the past 5 years leading up to this. She is also reflecting back to when she lost her first son to a motor vehicle accident. Margie is having a very difficult time taking this all in and now feels all al whiz and wants the one and yet thing keeping her a break removed. Margie suffered a embrace attack 2 years ago that close took her life and she had to have an electronic pacemaker implanted. The pacemaker is what is keeping her alive by keeping her heart rhythm at a 100% pace.Without the pacemaker she would not be able to live. Now that all of her family is gone she is requesting that her pacemaker be removed so that she raise pass and go on to be wi th her family because she now feels like she has nothing to live for anymore. She has talked to the Rehabilitation Center decision maker Cindy Mackin and has told her what she wants to happen and has requested her to watchword Dr. Vijay who was the Cardiologist Surgeon who placed the pacemaker in her to remove it.Morals are principles of in effect(p) and pervert in behavior, expressing or teaching a conception of well(p) behavior, conforming to a standard of adjust behavior, sanctioned by or operative on ones conscience or respectable judgment, and capable of right and wrong action. (Merriam-Webster) According to our book the clean principles of ethics that are involved in removing Margies pacemaker are Beneficence- is the principle of doing good, demonstrating kindness, showing compassion, and helping others. Nonmaleficence- is an honorable principle that requires caregivers to avoid create patients suffering. Justice- is the obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits and risks. Autonomy- is recognizing the right of a person to make ones own decisions.(sound Aspects of Healthcare)The morals that are in conflict with this issue is nonmaleficence because the doctors, nurses, social worker, and ethics de vestation main priority is to make sure that nonmaleficence is not being implemented by any means. different morals that are in conflict would be justice and autonomy because the committee has to take in consideration the patients right to make her own decision about wanting to live or not but they also have to take into consideration the benefits and risks of the patient that could come on with passage through the patients request of removing her pacemaker.II. InformationThe ethics committee goals consist of bear on the rights of patients. Promote shared decision making between patients and their clinicians. Assist the patent and family, as appropriate, in coming to a consensus regarding the options that best meet the patients goal fo r care. Promote fair policies and procedures that maximize the likeliness of achieving good, patient-centered outcomes.(Legal Aspects of Healthcare)It is clear that this dilemma consists of Margie wanting her doctor to assist with taking her life by removing her pacemaker. She has been through so much with the loss of her immediate family members that she wants to pass away as well to be with them because she feels like thither is nothing else to live for. There are many theories of ethics that play apart in this dilemma. adept of the theories is the Normative Ethics where all attempts are made in determining what moral standards should be put into place to ensure that human behavior and conduct are morally right.Another theory that can be can be applied is the Consequential Ethical Theory that focuses on the morally right action that will lead to the maximum balance of good or evil. The Utilitarian ethics believes that the moral worth of an action is only determined by its contri bution to happiness as summed by all people. The last theory would be the Deontologic ethics that is focuses on the duties to others, which consists of telling the truth to all patients.III. CommunicationThe ethics committee then sits down together and communicates with each other about the dilemma while going over the morals values and theories that apply to this particular dilemma to ensure that all of the rights steps and decisions are taken before they come to a conclusion on what to do for Margie. This step in discourse is very critical to make sure that the committee review the dilemma properly, resolve any ethical dilemmas, resolve any conflicts, and to figure out if any additional support is needed. The committee does not needs come up with final decisions but they provide the needed advice to guide doctors, nurses, etc. towards making the right decisions.The ethics committee members all agree that there is indeed a dilemma with Margie wanting the maintenance of a doctor to take her life by removing her pacemaker, which is the only thing that is keeping her living. After concourse with all of the members of the ethics committee we are all on the same accord and have been advised with all the information about the case. The Cardiologist Dr. Rana Vijay, the Social Worker Jane Robison, the Rehabilitation Center Administrator Cindy Mackin and the Ethics Committee Chairman David Jamison have all come together and presented all information and features that they live on about this issue to all the members of the committee to ensure that no one was left out about any details of this dilemma. All members concur with my understanding and all other parties that had information about Margies dilemma.IV. ChoiceAfter speaking with the Cardiologist Dr. Rana Vijay, he informs the committee that removing Margies pacemaker would corrupt Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, and Justice. He stated that he would be going against helping others if followed through with Mar gies request, he would also be going against avoiding or causing harm to patients, and lastly he would be disregarding the benefits and risks of Margie by performing the requested actions. The Social Worker Jane Robison also expressed that doing this would not be good for Margie or his profession due to the ethics standards they have to withhold for all patients.She believes that with time she will have a change of heart and will appreciate her life being spared. The Rehabilitation Center Administrator Cindy Mackin agrees with everyone else in not assisting Margie with taking her life due to the sad circumstances that she has been faced with in the past a few(prenominal) years. After all the members have reviewed the suggestions and recommendations from everyone involved everyone on the ethics committee have agreed that Margies request to have her pacemaker removed will be denied due to all ethical standards and the fact simply that it is just not right to let someone take their ow n life or assist with taking someones life. One of the most important things is to never cause harm to any patient, which taking a patients life goes above and beyond of causing harm to a patient.ReferencesLegal Aspects of Health Care Administration/George D. Pozgar.-11th ed.p.cmMoral. Retrieved from http//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/moral

Lottery Discussion Answers Essay Example for Free

draft password Answers EssayShirley capital of Mississippi, The draught Discussion and Analysis QuestionsAnswer the following moves in complete sentences on your own paper. Provide quotations (with page/line numbers) from the drool to support your answers.1. Why has Jackson chosen customary people for her characters? Could she slang chosen characters from other levels of sophistication with the like effect? What is the irony of the tone of this story?2. What seems to have been the original purpose of the drawing? What do people believe about it?3. Is it important that the original paraphernalia for the drafting had been lost? What do you suppose the original ceremony was like? Why have some of the villages given up this design? Why hasnt this one?4. What is the significance of Tessies final scream, It isnt fair, it isnt right? What picture of the lottery does she explicitly challenge what conniption goes unquestioned?5. This is a divers(prenominal) sort of story when you discover it for the certify time. What elements (such as Mrs. Hutchinsons attempt to have her daughter, Eva, draw with the family) might take on a different meaning the second time through?6. both(prenominal) critics insist that the story has an added symbolic meaning. Do you stop? If so, what is Shirley Jackson trying to tell us about ourselves? (Hint Consider that this story was written during the height of the come near of fabianism and the Soviet Union.)7. Is the lottery a bodied act of murder? Is it righteously justified? Is customs duty sufficient justification for such actions? How would you respond to cultures that ar different from ours that perform strange rituals?8. Describe the run of view of the story. How does the point of view affect what we know about the situation? How does it fulfil the storys suspense?Answers to Discussion Questions1. Why has Jackson chosen common people for her characters? Could she have chosen characters from other levels of soph istication with the same effect? What is the irony of the tone of this story?By choosing common people, Jackson is attempting to have the general commentator relate to the grotesque situation at hand. The dangers of machination allegiance to tradition become more oddment to home when an average, small-town American population is the center of the action. It becomes more general and all-applicable. (Lines 1-17)2. What seems to have been the original purpose of the lottery? What do people believe about it?The original purpose of the lottery seems to have been some kinky sort of rain dance ritual. As Old Man Warner explains, the old saying used to exclaim, Lottery in June, corn be heavy soon (line 122). It takes on an air of Aztec/ritualistic sacrifice, that by acting the blood ritual and sacrificing one, the needs of the majority allow be met. If the ritual is not followed, society will collapse or so the townsfolk believe.3. Is it important that the original paraphernalia for the lottery had been lost? What do you suppose the original ceremony was like? Why have some of the villages given up this practice? Why hasnt this one?The loss of the original ceremonial paraphernalia is significant, as it suggests that the original meaning and reasons for the lottery have been lost to time. It is a ritual with no true purpose, other than that of blind allegiance to tradition. Some villages presumably have matured beyond this ritual, but this one has not.4. What is the significance of Tessies final scream, It isnt fair, it isnt right? What aspect of the lottery does she explicitly challenge what aspect goes unquestioned?There are two ways to get down this question.1) From an in-character perspective, Tessie is objecting to the fact that she is the subject of the sacrifice, having been the winner of the lottery. She doesnt want to tumble, and is protesting merely the fact that she has to die, not that people die in general.2) From an authorial / reader response pe rspective, Jackson challenges the reader to question the idea of conformity and blind allegiance to tradition. If we dont know why we save a specific tradition, perhaps we should question its usefulness. Besides, its good to question and analyze.5. This is a different sort of story when you read it for the second time. What elements (such as Mrs. Hutchinsons attempt to have her daughter, Eva, draw with the family) might take on a different meaning the second time through?Tessies attempt to have her daughter draw with the family is a half-baked (and moderately heartless) attempt to have a larger pool of winners (victims) to draw from. While reading, it sort of sounds like she wants an tautologic chance to win some money or something of that nature. In reality, she is trying to provide more of a buffer between herself and being murdered.6. Some critics insist that the story has an added symbolic meaning. Do you agree? If so, what is Shirley Jackson trying to tell us about ourselves ? (Hint Consider that this story was written during the height of the rise of Communism and the Soviet Union.)She is providing a symbol of societies such as Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, where great atrocities are act under the indifferent watch of tradition-oriented conformists. She is trying to tell us that we should beguided by our moral compass, not merely by the expectations of society. If something is unjust or wrong, we should stand up against it.7. Is the lottery a collective act of murder? Is it morally justified? Is tradition sufficient justification for such actions? How would you respond to cultures that are different from ours that perform strange rituals?Effectively, the lottery is by definition a collective act of murder, disregardless of the reason it is held. Its existence does, however, beg the question of whether tradition (and, by extension, moral relativism) supersedes any sort of oecumenic morality. Is killing wrong no matter what, or does its intended purpose prosperity for the many at the expense of the few justified? Regardless of the answer, Jacksons message is that doing anything simply because its what incessantly has been done is not an acceptable approach to life. We should question and analyze our traditions, and understand why we continue to observe them.8. Describe the point of view of the story. How does the point of view affect what we know about the situation? How does it preserve the storys suspense?

Work Experience Report Essay Example for Free

Work Experience Report raiseAfter I finished my AS level exams, I knew I wanted to do chemical substance engineering, so I asked my dad to get me a place where I can learn a little about it and luckily my dad knew Mr. Manoj Shah who is the owner of Osho Chemical Industries Ltd. So I went there on the 03/12/2012 to get some experience. I met the product development manager Mr. Harish Tolia who guided us end-to-end and took care of us while we were there. daylight 1On this day, we were introduced to the work place. We were shown the whole industry and minded(p) a brief discussion on what we were going to learn on the next few days. sidereal day 2We started off with simple formulations. We did the formulations of tea as it is an everyday use. So we learnt how each ingredient is apply and the way its quantity used is very important for the understanding, quality and pricing. After looking at tea, we looked at other examples and did some analysis on how some variations in quanti ty affect the end product.DAY 3We looked at processes on this day. We learnt how each ingredient is processed. But we stuck to the tea example. We discussed its process. Like we start with simmering the water, wherefore adding the tea leaves (making sure how strong you want it), then masala and then sugar according to the taste preference and then pouring it in the cup. Then we went or so the industry looking at diametrical processes. Like for the mosquito killer (moss-kill) we saw how the dough was made into rings and then packed in humiliated packets, then boxes. Also saw how liquids were processed. This was done through computer so it was all automatic.DAY 4On this day we looked at the equipments. We saw different types of stirrers (single and double mixers), ones used for powder. Then we also looked at their custom made mixers that stir both upwards and downwards forcing them to be mixed very thoroughly. away from mixers, we saw how each equipment plays a role in the proces sing. Conveyor belts help to move the processed breaker point to the next station. (e.g. One equipment pours the liquid in the container, the next covers the container with a cap, the next places a label around it, then a box is used to put all the containers in one and the lorry is then used to transport the goods to their location.

Determining the Concentration of Calcium Carbonate in an Unknown Substance through the Methods of Titration Aim Essay Example for Free

find the assiduity of Calcium Carbonate in an Un screwn Substance through the Methods of Titration Aim Essay lastize the concentration of the unknown ethanoic cutting solution by titrating with a known concentration of atomic number 11 hydrated oxideEquipment and Materials* Unknown ethanoic blistering* 50cm3 burette* 250cm3 Erlenmeyer flask* 100cm3 beaker (for CH3COOH)* 200cm3 beaker (for NaOH)* 100cm3 beaker (for waste)* Standardized sodium hydroxide solution* Burette fix* Retort stand* Phenolphthalein indicator* 50cm3 graduated cylinder* Distilled water (to rinse the flask)ProcedureTo begin with, vex approximately 200 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution. Then, set up the retort stand and burette clamp as indicated in the diagram below. Using two 10 cm3 aliquots of the NaOH solution, rinse the burette twice. Next, fill to in a higher place the 0.00cm3 mark and drain down to below the 0.00cm3 mark in order to remove any ambience bubbles. After that, transfer 50 cm3 of the unknown acid into the 250cm3 flask. Into the kindred flask, place 2 drops of the phenolphthalein indicator. Fin in ally, add sodium hydroxide from the burette until you reach the endpoint.Procedural NotesTo accommodate for the sodium hydroxide that splashes to the sides of the flask, distilled water was utilise. Using the distilled water on the sides of the flask was rinsed down to bring the sodium hydroxide to the rest of the solution in the flask. Also, when move a half-drop into the flask, the following procedure was used First, a half-drop was made at the tip of the burette. Then, using the flask, the half-drop was stack away to the flasks side. Finally, using the distilled water, the half-drop was rinsed down to the rest of the solution.To reserve it easier to recognize the endpoint of the reaction, a white paper was put in under the flask. This way, it was easier to see when the solution changed color.Observation (Data Collection)Quantitative DataMeasurements Recorde d During the ExperimentTrial123*4*Initial Burette Reading (ml?0.02ml)0.200.420.100.23Final Burette Reading (ml?0.02ml)45.7045.9345.3945.30 peck of Ethanoic Acid Used (ml?0.04ml)50.0050.0050.0050.00*To increase the results, trial 3 and 4 was taken from other group to chance more data, thereby increasing the accuracy of the data.Qualitative DataDescriptions of the Substances Used and ProducedSodium Hydroxide carry solution, low viscosity, slipperyEthanoic acidClear solution, acidic,Phenolphthalein indicatorClear solution, comes in bottle, add as drops reply Produced (NaCH3COO(aq) + H2O)Clear/pink throughout, trail 4 was the most successful as it was closest to sort than all other trails. Volume of trial 1 was greatest as a lot of water was used in order to wash down the sodium hydroxide stuck to the side of the flask.Data AnalysisThe neutralization reaction reaction between sodium hydroxide and ethanoic acid isSodium Hydroxide + Ethanoic acid Sodium Ehthanoate + waterTherefore, the molar ratio is 1 mole of sodium hydroxide to 1 mole of ethanoic acid. Sodium hydroxide is known to have a concentration of 1.003 mol dm-30.004 mol dm-3.Consequently, the following represents the calculations to determine the concentration of ethanoic acid in trial 1Using similar calculations, the concentration of ethanoic acid for trials 2,3, and 4 were calculated as well. The following table represents the results.Results for the calculations of the concentration of ethanoic acid used in each trialTrialConcentration of CH3COOH / mol dm-3 CH3COOHUncertainties / %10.9131.320.9131.330.9091.340.9041.3Average0.9101.3ConclusionIn conclusion, the result of this testing ground indicates that the concentration of CH3COOH is 0.910 mol dm-3. Using this respect, and the actual value of ethnoic acid, 0.9190 mol dm-3 0.0004 mol dm-3, percent hallucination was calculated as followsWith this, we see that the percent of uncertainties is greater than the percent error. The percent of uncert ainties represents the random errors, in which the measured value can either be bigger or smaller than the accepted value, due to an imprecise measurement. To break these random errors, it is necessary to use more precise equipment and/or repeat measurements. One example of this would be to use a pipette or else of a graduated cylinder, especially because ?0.4 cm3 is a relatively astronomic uncertainty. Consequently, the use of such equipment led to the percent of uncertainties being greater than the percent error. This means that the random errors meridian for the errors in this lab. However, there are a couple potential systematic errors that should be appointed in this lab. The biggest one would be that it is hard to amount to the endpoint, where the solution is barely pink. In all trials, the solution became clear pink.However, it was only in trial 4 that the solution was truly ambiguous to whether it was slightly pink. The difficulty of acquiring to this ambiguous clear pi nk is definitely a systematic error as it always leads to a larger volume of sodium hydroxide used to react. One way to improve this may be to perform the lab in a longer time sweep up. When I performed the lab, I felt pressured to get a sufficient amount of trials done within the class period. By stretching the time span of the lab, it may be possible to take more time and get better quality results. A more realistic improvement may be to record measurements more frequently when approaching the endpoint. This would let us two measurements that the endpoint lies within, helping us estimate where the endpoint actually is.However, improving this error would lead to a smaller volume of sodium hydroxide, a smaller value for the concentration of ethanoic acid, which would make the observed value further from the true value. Another systematic error in this lab is the sodium hydroxide splashing to the sides of the flask. Although using water to rinse the sodium hydroxide down was aimed to cover this, another way to improve this may be to use equipment with a wider mouth, such as a beaker, instead of a flask. Once again, improving this error would lead to a greater percent error for the same reasons as the difficulty of getting an ambiguous pink color.Next, although it most likely did not affect the results in this lab, there is a question to whether rinsing the burette two times is sufficient. To improve this, it may be suggested that rinsing the burette 4 times is more sensible, even though it is time consuming. A final systematic error comes when transferring the ethanoic acid from the graduated cylinder. When this happens, some of the ethanoic acid may be retained in the graduated cylinder. This is a systematic error as this always leads to a smaller volume of ethanoic acid than measured. To improve this error, one may pour a tiny bit more than 50 ml of ethanoic acid, and measure that as 50 ml of ethanoic acid. Improving this error leads to a larger volume of e thanoic acid, a lower concentration of ethanoic acid, and once again, an increase in percent error.All in all, it is very evoke how knowing the amount of one substance can help determine the amount of another substance, although it is a topic that appears frequently in chemistry. In this case, knowing the number of moles of sodium hydroxide enabled us to know the concentration of the ethanoic acid. Furthermore, this lab helps one enhance their knowledge on the difficulty of setting up a lab. By reviewing and understanding the errors to a lab, one can relate the improvements to future labs. In a nutshell, this lab exemplified the process of titration, and how useful it can be.

The Research Methodology Essay Example for Free

The Research Methodology attemptThe Research MethodologyThe descriptive perspective method of research was utilized in this study. A survey questionnaire was utilise to gather all the needed data. Information regarding the profiles of the respondents (student and the registration personnel), the status of the existing enrollment in terms of its resources used (personnel involved, machines and equipment, procedures and forms used), the problems encountered by the customers in the existing enrollment system were analyzed. The results of the study were served asa an input for vigilance review and action plan. Fig.1 Flow of the StudyInput -status of the existing enrollment action, problems encountered in the existing enrollment system Process -analysis of information base on the survey questionnaire, statistical computation, and interpretation Output -inputs for instruction review and action planEnvironmentFig.2 Location Map of Cebu Technological UniversityThis study was condu cted in CTU-Main Campus turn up along the corners of R. Palma Street and M.J. Cuenco, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines 6000. There are four (4) colleges of the campus College of Arts and Sciences, College of Education, College of Engineering, and College of Technology. Together with the colleges are the enrollment move namely Clinic, NSTP (first year), PTA, MIS, EDPO, Cashier, and Registrar.RespondentsThe respondents of this study were the customers of the enrollment process of the school, both the student and the personnel assigned for the enrollment process with the four (4) colleges of the school.Table 1Distribution of RespondentsInstrumentThis study used the research-made questionnaire to gather data that could give up the needed information.ProcedureGathering DataRandom sampling method was used in fabrication the data. Students belong to the day and night programs were also considered to determine the appropriate sample size and a 5% margin of error was used. The sample was dra wn using the Slovins Formula.Scoring ProcedureTo facilitate the computation of the plodding mean, each weight was assigned to the scale eith its corresponding verbal description.a. On the Respondents Self-Assessment as to their knowledge of the equipments used b. On the Respondents Perception regarding the existing system c. On Possible Problems encountered in the existing enrollment system

Animal Farm And A Utopian Society Essay Example for Free

Animal Farm And A Utopian order EssayBased on George Orwells Animal Farm a utopian society can non be achieved. A perfect world is impossible to achieve because you will always get someone who takes charge and overrules the people.In the book the animals successfully rebel from the owner of the farm, Mr. Jones. After the rebellion as a whole the animals set up some rules and commandments. At this point the animals feel that they have created a utopia, or a perfect world. They feel they can work hard for a while and then be rewarded with retirement. Eventually there becomes a superior group of animals that convince the rest of the animals that they are of higher intelligence. With this in mind they then told them that the elite group, the pigs, deserved more of the delicacies such as milk and apples. The pigs declared that these foods change magnitude their abilities to do the brain work. The pigs also take over the house and begin to adopt many of the mephistophelian habits of man. In reality the pigs forced the other animals in to doing all of the manual labor so that they could get out the benefits solely for themselves. This is the sole reason that a utopian society can not be achieved. The pigs, or higher forms of government can only hold the respect of the people for so long until they in the end go back to the old ways, and the utopia is demolished.

Philosophy of Education Essay Example for Free

philosophy of Education EssayPhilosophy of reproduction is sometimes referred to as the immediate objectives of education. Immediate objectives on the different hand are routines which a subject at a given time must header to achieve through the courses of study or the curriculum. Its aims constitute a very important aspect of the essence education. They are more specific and they can be accomplished in a shorter period of time, whitethornhap a day or a week. These, too, are considered goals of specialization. Educational aims cannot be determined apart from the purpose of society which maintains the school. The purpose of any society is determined by the life value which the people prize. As a people, we cede been striving ceaselessly for the values which constitute the democratic way of life (Demiashkevich, 2003). theory and practice in modern education have been influenced greatly by the educational philosophy in successive interpretations of the fundamental purpose of education. Since the aims and objectives of education embody the democratic ideal to which we as a nation are committed, they cannot be achieved through a rigid system of indoctrination and control.The application of the principles of instilling and learning always has definite goals. If the teacher wants to obtain desired results, he should know what those goals or objectives are. The usefulness of the principles themselves can top hat be determined by their appropriateness to the aims and objectives sought. Our primary need, therefore, is to present and develop the philosophical and psychological aims of education (Peterson, 2000). The philosophical aims of education require any public and private schools in this country to pursue, in the maturation of every child, regardless of color, creed, or social status.All educational institutions shall aim to inculcate retire of country, teach the duties of citizenship, and develop moral character, personal discipline, and scientif ic, technological, and vocational efficiency. The study of the Constitution shall be part of the curricula in all schools (Peterson, 2000). The State shall provide citizenship and vocational training to adult citizens and out-of-school youth, and create and maintain scholarship for short and deserving students.Moreover, religion shall be taught to their children or wards, in public elementary and high schools as may be provided by law. The State shall provide scientific research and invention. The advancement of science and technology shall have priority in the national development. Furthermore, education shall aim to develop moral character, personal discipline and civic conscience, and develop the attitudes among our youth and strength moral and ethical standards.It must also impart the skills, instill the attitudes and dole out the values that are essential to rapid and sustained economic growth. The curriculum of public and private schools testament emphasize scientific and technical professions, managerial and vocational skills, and the dignity of labor and standards of excellence (Demiashkevich, 2003). It can be said that the above resolution called for the restructuring of our educational system, public or private, to enhance nationalism or love of country and to achieve social goals.

Pride and Prejudice - The storyline Essay Example for Free

Pride and Prejudice The storyline EssayUsing Information from the storyline, write a Chapter for the book which should include feelings about the occurrences after Elizabeth Recieves her earn off Mr Darcy. You may create your own scenario.Elizabeth Bennets take pounded with anger and dismay, as she hastily stepped out of the towe send for marble framed doors that belonged to Pemberley Court. She stepped into the forgiving downpour of a bleak winters day, and let the cool rain refresh her in a way that she had been longing for all(prenominal) day. A relief that a stuffy courtroom to the full of people couldnt give. Too add to that, the eld proceedings hadnt g whiz(a) exactly the way she had planned, and that fact had considerably played on her nerves. She just couldnt justify the fact that a man, who could execute such evil acts and hurt so many people without a glimmer of regret, could be let free into the world, without any type of restraint or punishment.As it is imag inable, the long time pressures had not wholly put a strain on her mind, but also on her handsome posture. Her face was a frustrated scarlet colour, but that was being eased by the iced droplets of rain that were lead down it, turning it into more of a pink winter glow than a face full of anger. Her renewed glow resembled her now slightly more calmed nerves as she basked in the calming gelidity of the afternoon rain, no longer dwelling on the pains in her life. No longer pitiful about Mr Darcys man and wife proposal. No longer worrying about every triviality in her life. skilful her and the rain.Then Elizabeth felt a warm hand on her shoulder. The protective wall of imaginary folderol between her and the rest of the world was shattered in an instant and all the worries of her life came flooding certify into her head. She took a deep breath as the real world came back into view. The realities of life back to stamping ground her.She turned round and was stunned into paralys is by the sight before her eyes.Good day to you dud Elizabeth. Dont you just heat a successful morning? grinned Mr Darcy. How had she not heard him coming? Surely she should make up heard the clatter of footsteps and the crash of the closing marble doors. She was both(prenominal) angry and embarrassed at the fact that he had seen her drenched in rainwater and that he had generally sneaked up on her.Mr Darcy she ac endureledged.If you may get me to speak so boldly. What are you doing out here? Darcy was merely silent and handed her a garner which was written on a yellow parchment and in the most beautiful italic physical composition she had ever seen. She looked at him confused. He then walked off. Without any more witty comments. Without any more nipping looks. Elizabeth got up, letter in hand, and advanced towards somewhere where the prying eyes of the raindrops couldnt see or destroy her hush-hush letter. It was sealed with a seal of red wax, obviously from the candle in the Courts waiting room. She chuckled and then skint the seal, then opening the crisp yellow paper. The letter readMy dear Elizabeth,Though I have intercourse not of any feelings on your behalf towards me, I would like to express mine towards yourself. I apologise if this letter will in any way separate you, but i feel that it is necessary for you to know how I feel. From the first moment I met you, I looked into your eyes, and experienced such a surge of delight which I had experienced none other like in my life. I covered up my feelings for you with a complete denial of anything I felt and I feel that at this time, I managed to sincerely offend both you and your family. I apologise for my actions in speaking so poorly of you and your, sorry to say, poor relations. I was afraid of falling ion love with someone who wouldnt boost my position in the business world and for that I am sincerely sorry, for I now realise that true love is a thing which is only experienced on very rare o ccasions in ones life.Elizabeth Bennet. I love you more than row can say. If love could be measured in numbers, my love for you would add up to a higher(prenominal) number than there are stars in the sky. In the Milky Way. In the galaxies that surround that and those around them. I cant deny that I dont regret anything that I said in court or the swindle of the case, but I plead to you that if you can find it in your heart to forgive me for my sins and unforgivable actions, and love me as I love you, then I pray you would accept my hand in marriage and make me the happiest man alive. Please find a ring behind the flowerpot on the leftfield hand side of the door. If you feel my proposal unfit, then you may do as you wish with the ring which is 2 carats of diamond. If you feel the same way about me that I feel about you though, please advert me in the breakfast room at 5pm sharp.Yours,Fitzwilliam DarcyElizabeth Folded the letter up, out it in her pocket and then sit down down wit h a thump on a cold stone bench, her heart pounding with both delight and disgust. Life always threw either stones or sweets at her. Normally she wouldnt get to choose which one she got. This time however, she could. She could chew on the huge sweet or the large lump of coal. Her decision. No one elses.

Creative writing about George and Lennie Essay Example for Free

Creative writing about George and Lennie EssayStumbling by the wet grass the two came frantically running, looking behind them at every few strides, alert hard, disturbing the green grass and disrupting the harmony of the birds sitting in trees chirping and whistling the final songs of the day, while dogs barked and mass yelled far behind them. A voice could be heard shouting above the fight Theyre flinged for the fields, comon George grumbled, breathing frantically Damnit comon you crazy bastard, they near got us Im trying George, I swear but Is hackneyed Lennie wheezed. The two were passing fields, when they came to an irrigation dump, George thought about it and he pulled lennie into the ditch with him. Get your head down George shouted but lennie didnt do a thing, George annoyed, shoved him under the murky water, they could hear the shouts tucker outting closer and the dogs growling. A public said Where the hell did they get to? another close to him said The dogs ave lost the scent they musta went thru that ditch and finish off into the woods, no way we could get them now Damn ok everyone back to the town for a head count then we can all go home, its getting lateWith these words saw George experience a sigh of relief as he gently surfaced bringing lennie with him, George taking his hat began to embrace out the water, lennie copying his movements did the same, George set his crease and made his way quietly up the bank of the ditch, peering oer the edge he watched torch light and man slowly disappear toward weed under the stage setting sun, he turned back to lennie, Now why the hell did you touch that gals dress? Comon you better return a good excuse or Ill clobber ya Lennie was whimpering like a fearful whelp Honest George I dint mean no wrong, I jus wanted to feel her dress George yelled why?Lennie? Hmm? What so good about that dress? lennie cowered in his jacket his shoulders covering his cheeks It was so purty George, it was red c olour and soft as a rabbit, you know how I likes rabbits George Seeing the glow in his face when he said it made George calm down, he remember who lennie was, he colonized down do a smile Ya big lummox, one day your gonna get us most real trouble, but youre my duty so we gotta stick close lennie returned a half hearted grin still slightly frigtenened Ok George George got up to look around once more, he spotted an old group B not far from the ditch they were in.Right comon now we get us some shut-eye then try and get us some work, some place Lennies face lit up remembering what this all lead up to An I get to tend the rabbits George Huh? Huh? Yeah, yeah but we gotta get us a stake first George replied George and lennie had settled down in the old barn, its walls were white with paint peeling, the roof was held up by 3 beams crosswise the top and toward the ground, the winds outside made the barn creak eerily and lennie was having trouble sleeping, the ground was scattered with stu bble and the only thing in the barn was some sacks, tools and a work bench, it was less a barn than a shed.George? George you asleep What? George cant you do somethin about the wind? No, now go to sleep, have to incite up early tomorra George said still half asleep Sorry George lennie said, eventually the morning came. lennie Lennie stimulate up Comon we gonna miss the damn bus ok George, ok lennie said as he jammed his bindle and sorted himself, and hurried off with George They had gotten to the stop just in time, they paid their fare, and were on their way to get some work at.

Social Enterprises for Community Development

Social first steps for Community DevelopmentProvide an cast of the history of the egressnce of genial green light and community development in the U.K.Social enterprise is a fond mission riden organisation which essenti all in ally trades in the goods or services for a uniquely good-disposed purpose. These loving enterprises aim to achieve their objectives in not only financial but to a fault in the kind and environmental. They atomic number 18 profit making ventures set up to attempt to acknowledge the environmental and genial need. The reason that these enterprises argon unique is due to their central purpose being either social or environmental. These social enterprises argon more interested in generating profit in order to get to ground their environmental or social goals.In all industrialised countries, there is a growth in the social enterprise sector which is also known as the non profit sector (Defourny 2001, p.1) or troika sector situated in between private a nd public sector. These organisations are representative of the renewed convention of a civil society among an economic crisis, difficulties which are facing the welfare state and the weakening of social bonds in society. Social enterprise is considered as comprising co-operatives, mutuals (Credit Unions) and voluntary organisations (charities and foundations). Many of these categories were founded in the brave out century and they bid an key part in the economic landscape.Social enterprise can be traced back as far as the 1840s in Rochdale, where the source consorters co-operative was founded to append affordable, quality fare in a response to exploitative factory conditions. It was in the mid 1970s when these social enterprises began to emerge into the brinystream. They had already been active in other areas and began to come to the forefront with increasing economic difficulties deepening and it was against this reach that the interests in other economic organisations be came strongly reactivated. It was the late 1990s that a resurgence in social enterprise was experienced in the UK, with different traditions coming unitedly. These organisations are strongly rooted in straight and long standing traditions as most of these organisations had already existed for more than a century and had been constantly growing.The first agency in the UK, was Social opening London (SEL) which was established in 1998 between co-operative businesses and a sum up of co-development agencies. From this the British government in 2002 launched a unified Social Enterprise Strategy and established a Social Enterprise Unit (SEnU) to help implement it in England and Wales. From this polity development has been more and more influenced by the organisations in the non profit sector.There are now many organisations which are classed as social enterprises, sewer Lewis, The paradise objectify, The Big Issue and Jamie Olivers restaurant Fifteen.Identify deuce models of good practice living in the U.K.There are three characteristics of social enterprises as defined by Social Enterprise LondonEnterprise Orientation directly involved in producing the goods or providing services to a market, essential to be viable trading organisations with an operating surplusSocial Aims explicit social aims such as job creation, training or the provision of local services. Ethical values are important and they are accountable to their members and the wider community for their social, environmental and economic impactSocial Ownership they are autonomous organisations with governing and ownership structures based on participation by stake wielders or by trustees. The profits are distributed as profit sharing to the stakeholders of used to benefit the community.Two such models of good practice existent in the UK are Jamie Olivers restaurant Fifteen and The Big Issue.Jamie Olivers restaurant Fifteen was opened in London in 2002. This was inspired by Oliver and was b roadcast on TV. Its name is derived from the first cohort of xv newfangled people. Oliver has combined two ambitions to open a top class restaurant and to institute disadvantage youth a chance to gain the professional training they require to set them up to be indep ratiocinationent, inspired and to look at a chance at a productive life. It is a registered kindness as well as a commercial business and it a chef apprenticeship for 18 to 24 year olds. It is and so a social enterprise offering a produce with a purpose, a high end dining experience where the best of produce is prepared by great chefs and served by professional people. Its main purpose is the empowerment of young disadvantaged people, giving them a second chance to establish themselves in the restaurant industry. With the success of the London restaurant it has also been established in Amsterdam, Cornwell and Melbourne, with their own foundation and apprenticeship schemes. The specialness of the Fifteen brand as of one of the leading global social enterprises. Jamie Oliver is passionate about this snub and wants to help young adults to be able to have prospects for the future.The Big Issue exists as a social enterprise to offer homeless and vulnerably housed people a chance to earn a decriminalize income. It is one of the UKs leading social businesses, which continues to help those in need earn an legitimate income. It was launched in the UK in 1991 by Gordon Roddick and A. John Bird as a response to the amount of rough sleepers in London. The main aim behind this is to help people help themselves and the founders were determined to offer an alternative to begging. I n November 1995, The Big Issue Foundation was launched with the aim to deal with the underlying issues which cause homelessness. The founders definition of success is encouraging and influencing people to make life changes positively. The organisation is made up of two entities, a limited company which produces and distribut es the magazine to the street vendors and a registered benevolence which exists to help those same vendors gain control of their lives. The vendor must prove that they are homeless or vulnerably housed, undergo an abstraction process and sign up to the organisations code of conduct.Asses the significance of such schemes in terms ofa) the development of social policyb) their piece to the guinea pig economy (500 words).The development of social policyDevelopment of social policy is influenced by our beliefs, interests and values. Social policy is the guidelines for changing, the maintenance or creation of living conditions which are conductive to kind-hearted welfare. It is part of public policy which has to do with social proceedss. Social policy aims to improve on homosexual welfare, and to meet the need for health, housing, education, and social security. It also refers to policies affecting the social condition under which we live. Other important areas of social policy inc lude health insurance, unemployment benefit, accident insurance, labour regulation etc.Policy teams are set up in some organisations to be actively involved in influencing public sound judgement and the decision makers at all levels to make sure that social enterprises remain high on the UKs policy agendas. The social enterprise organisations work together to strive to improve the business environment and they reveal any barriers to growth and advise both government and public bodies on practical solutions as well as develop papers etc. Social enterprises are able to contribute to the creation of a greater impartiality of economic power and a more sustainable society. The aims of these groups is to be recognised and back up for their contributions. Alongside the development of social policy, these groups also aim to raise the awareness and understanding of social enterprise among both politicians and society. They work to influence the political parties and to ensure that social enterprise is both understood and supported.Their contribution to the national economySocial enterprise organisations by using solutions to develop not for profits aims hold a distinct role in helping to create a strong, sustainable, comprehensive and prosperous society. These organisations play an important role in helping to deliver to the national economy by helping to drive up competitiveness and productivity, contributing to a socially inclusive wealth create, the enablement for communities and individuals to work together to refine their local neighbourhoods, showing new ways of delivering public services and helping to develop active citizenship and an inclusive society.With the presence of a non profit sector, this is an indicator of a healthy economy in local and national financial measurements depending on its size. With growing numbers in the non profit sector, which are focused on the environment, education, social services etc, the non profit sector is central to the health and well being of society. The non profit sector is an glorious outlet for societys labour and skills.Social enterprise organisations such as Fifteen or The Big Issue have been set up to give people a chance. They are increasingly taking people off the streets and redeveloping their talents into marketable entities especially in the case of Fifteen, who give underprivileged young people the opportunity to train to be the best they can and to contribute to society and the economy, instead of pile up their benefit each week and being a drain on society. The Big Issue offers those without fitting housing the opportunity to earn an income to better themselves and to make the individuals feel better about themselves.Using examples from a chosen organisation compare and contrast some of the values and principles underpinning social enterprise and community development.The enlightenment Project.The Eden Project was constructed in a 160 year exhausted china clay nether region nea r St. Austell, Cornwell and was established as one of the Landmark Millennium Projects to mark the year 2000. It is an educational charity which consists of a world class visitor attraction, a botanical garden and a unique alteration venture. The Eden Project, like its plants are continually growing and developing. The Eden Project reports to a board who wherefore report to the trustees, to ensure that they are meeting their charitable aims. The Project is owned by a registered charity The Eden Trust and is operated on behalf of the Trust by Eden Project Limited, a subsidiary who only by the Eden Trust.The Eden Project, as an educational charity, uses exhibits, workshops, events and educational programmes to educate people to what disposition gives to us and to help people learn how to look after it in commit. All the monies raised by the Project are returned to the Trust to further the aims. The programmes include work with schools, colleges etc as well as any individuals who want to learn about nature. The organisation believes in learning by doing and to find positive solutions for the future.The project enforces all three of the characteristics of social enterprise as laid down by Social Enterprise London. Enterprise orientation, The Eden Project is directly involved with providing a service to the marketplace educated individuals about nature and how to protect and nurture it. They are also producing goods, i.e. bio domes, wind turbines etc to help develop ways of saving the environment.They have explicit social aims, in that through the Project jobs have been created as well as a environmentally friendly structure. They provide educational training to those who either want or require it. The Eden Project believe in their ethical values and see them as important to all and they are accountable to their members through both their board and their trustees. The Project is also accountable to the wider community in the training and also the producing of produces which are helpful both to them and the wider community.The Eden Project are an autonomous organisation which has brass instrument and ownership structures which are based on participation by the teams reporting to the board who in return report to the trustees. They exist through donations and are a major consumer of goods and services in the Cornwell area, therefore memory the local economy striving, which in itself is a benefit to the local community. The project feel that it is important to give those who have not previously afforded it, or those with other issues a chance to experience nature. They also provide with Cornwell College an opportunity for local people to work towards a qualification.Provide an valuation of your own learning together with evidence of transferable skills which have been used in this appointment. These should include communication, teamwork problem solving and self management.To evaluation learning which has been used in this concession , a number of factors need to be assessed. On the approach to the assignment I had to use my communication skills in order to firstly understand what I had been asked to do within the five tasks. This communication also helped me regarding research and analysis skills on using the internet and to evaluate the info which I had sourced. Self management has also been evident in that I had to plan both the assignment and the time management so as to not get behind schedule on the issues which I had to investigate. Team work problem solving was not an issue as I can work well both within a team and on my own and it was just a matter of assigning different tasks.ReferencesBorzaga, C., Defourney, J., (2001) The Emergence of Social Enterprise, RoutledgeBurch, H.A., Michaels, D.G., (1991) They Whys of Social Policy Perspective on Policy, Praegar PublishersSpreckly, F., (1981) Social Audit A Management Tool for Co-operative Working, Local Livelihoodshttp//www.sel.org.uk/ Social Enterpri se London

E-commerce website

E-commerce website incomingThis entry consists of a get word designed to construct an E-Commerce website for a lively ph one and only(a) stigmatise class. Using diametrical reciteologies this report pass on explain in depth how the website was constructed and whether this project was a success. The website in all(prenominal)ows drug exploiters shop online for diligent phones and uns confuse phone accessories. The website consists of m each features, which aid the users in locating their desired power point i.e. powerful depend engine, deli rattling translator and thriving to use guided navigation menu. These features facilitate users in pin pointing the exact merchandise they ar looking for.The website is based around a nomadic phone chisel in located in Victoria Greater London. The store is c alled E Cell Mobile and is a small PLC, which sells mobile phones and accessories. This website has been constructed for the bushel habit of helping the attach to e xpand their commerce to a vast range of guests and to join on accomp any revenue. In commit to achieve this goal there were a couple meetings that were held between the driveer (me) and the storeowner. During these meetings it was decided that one of the roughly efficient ways to accomplish this goal, was to stimulate a website to reach taboo to customers. This should help increase company revenue as well as, being cost efficient knuckle undern that it is non rattling costly to run a website, if comp ared to opening another store.An executive director government note has been created, which is to be apply by the storeowner. This name was created to allow simple and efficient chief(prenominal)tenance of the website. With the use of this account the administrator has access to the building block website and outhouse easily edit information with use of a simple GUI, no PHP knowledge is leaded. This would be a great benefit to the storeowner since he hind endside v ery easily maintain the site. This account allows the admin to lend more than products using the CSV Import Function, add/edit/ score out customers and/or product data and overmuch more.The requital aspect of the website is dealt by PayPal. at a time a user selects an accompaniment they wish to buy they are redirected to PayPals SSL page. It is made clear to the user that they do not need a PayPal account in fellowship to barter for an item on the website. Once the user is redirected to PayPals secure stipend page, they backside select the pickaxe to pay by direct debit or credit card. If there are any discrepancies with payment then E Cell whoremongernot be held responsible and the case shall go to PayPals accounts department. compendiumDuring the decimal point at which the PID was constructed there were a few aspects, which were overlooked. Throughout the analysis shape of this report there result be a few stages from the PID that go away be extended, rearranged an d added.This project is based around a mobile phone company that does not bewilder an online administration. All transactions, customer details and product information are stored on a database that is located on the shop floor. The system that is used to interact with periodical customers is pretty slow and lags most of the period. The system that is present- twenty-four hours(prenominal)ly being used is called Metasys. This accompaniment software is a database system, which stores customer and product information. When the store gets a parvenue-fangled customer, a staff segment inputs the customers details manually into the database. All products are added to the database through a Point of Sale System (POS).Now after doing a bit of look into it was discovered that this company (Metasys) was no semipermanent in business and as a result no upgrades are availcap subject for this software. To get an idea of how bad the current system was, a few surveys were designed and giv en out to staff members on the shop floor (these can be seen in vermiform appendix B). Judging by the results received from this assessment it was clear to see that a virgin system needed to be put in place. at a lower place is a angle of inclination that has been devised to show the problems with the current systemSystem often freezes when taking down customer informationThe database can be very slow at times when accessing monumental amounts of dataDoes not have the latest security updates due to the company no longer being in businessOpening and closing the database sometimes leads to putrescence of data.The system can be slow to respond to common tasks such as View node InfoA secondary issue that involve to be discussed is that this grouchy company (E Cell Mobile) would bid to expand their business and reach out to a larger customer base and therefore change magnitude the businesses revenue. The company does not wish to open a late store since this would require a l arge sum of bills, which the organization cannot afford.This project proposes to replace this old system with a new a new way of doing business. The new system needs to be faster, easy to maintain and a lot more reliable. Although the current database running on the shop floor has a lot of disadvantages there is one appointed aspect that allows new mobile phones that arrive for delivery to be added to the database quickly and easily. This is the POS (Point of Sale) system currently used by the employees at E Cell.When a bunch of mobile phones arrive for delivery, a staff member uses an electronic laser to scan the bar codes these are displayed on the packaging of all the mobile phones. after(prenominal) a particular product has been scanned it impart automatically be added to the companys database. E Cell as well as receives an electronic spreadsheet from their supplier, which consists of all the items that have been delivered to them on that particular(prenominal) date.The p oint of sale system is a great regularity for populating information into database. It is fast, simple and requires minimal effort. In order for this project to be a success it is fundamental that this particular method for adding information to the companys database is either change upon or kept the equal. If for any reason the POS system is removed and another system is put into place, then this new system moldiness(prenominal) be able to perform tasks, which are faster and much simpler then the point of sale system.Aims ObjectivesEvery project consists of a outcome of goals, which need to be achieved. These goals decipher whether the project ordain be a success or a ill luck. A successful project would have met and accomplished each target. The main aim of this project is to create a product, which resolves the problems that are encountered by the current system.Below is a mention of aims and objectives for this particular project. some of these aims and objectives th at were looked at during the project initiation stage have been changed and modified. There has been an addition of some new goals to the list. The list beneath has been based around, how appalling the current system is and if a new system was to be created what would it need in order to be successful.AimsThe system should be easy to navigate aroundBuying an item should be fast and efficientThe system must be user sensationlyThe system must be faster and more reliable than the old systemThe admin should be able to add/delete/edit customer and product informationObjectivesTo provide a mobile system that allows users to purchase mobile phones and accessories.Allow users to create their own customer account online.To provide an interface usable by little literate computing device users.Allow users to save any transactions that have been madeProvide users with introduce info so they can track their purchaseAs mentioned in the project initiation document this project leave behind t ake the DSDM onset. DSDM states that in order to achieve maximum business benefit and a fully working system that is fit for enjoyment one must outline the user/business requirements and aim to accomplish them all. DSDM uses an excellent prioritisation method called MoSCoW. This prioritisation method outlines the crucial requirements that need to be achieved in order to get a system fit for purpose. All requirements shown in the Must imbibe section below have to be completed in order for this project to be successful.MoSCoW PrioritizationMust let drug users must be able to buy a mobile phone online (M1)System must drive off search parameters to allow ease of use (M2)Site should be user friendly (M3)Admin should be able to add/delete/edit product and customer information (M4)POS system needs to be improved upon or left as it is (M5)Should HaveThe user is contacted via email at one time they have made a purchase (S1)The user can email a staff member if they have a promontory (S 2)Could HaveGoogle Maps to display locating of shop (C1)An online chat client to answer user queries (C2)Wont HaveSelling mobile tariffs (All mobile phones result be pay-as-you-go and not on contract) (W1)All of the requirements of the Moscow prioritization have been tagged e.g. M1, M2, S1, W1 etc.tera The reason they have been tagged is because they leave alone be referred to as M1, M2, S1 etc during the executing phase of this report.RequirementsThere are certain sets of requirements that need to be achieved when creating this new system. These requirements are split into two sections, functional and Non-Functional. These are outlined below.Functional requirementsMultiple transactions can be made at the same timeCustomers can add items to a obtain basketCustomers can view, edit and remove items from shopping basketCustomer is notified via email when purchase is completeNon-FunctionalGuided navigation menu shuffles browsing easy for the userTransactions can be completed us ing multiply currenciesAvailability System pass on be up 24/7 with minimum down timeAccessibility The system can be viewed in other languages other than EnglishRequirements TableA central list of requirements was constructed by the client, these have been listed below. Each of these requirements need to be met otherwise this project will be a failure since the utmost product will not be fit for purpose. The client gave a larger list of requirements (shown in Appendix D) however the requirements listed in table below is what the client has said to be required prerequisites and thus need to be completed.Feasibility StudyIn the feasibility study the following areas will be looked at, project risk analysis, cost benefit analysis and stakeholder analysis.Project Risk Analysis bell Benefit AnalysisSince this is a student project there wont be a ample budget. The software that will be used to create this product will either be freeware or already operable to the developer. As a resu lt cost will be kept to a minimal. In terms of hardware, a pc/laptop is already available since the University provides this and electrical fees/bills will also be covered by the University. If the system is to be hosted online then these fees will be paid by E Cell Mobile although a free hosting provider will be the startle priority.Stakeholder AnalysisManaging stakeholders is an all- substantial(a) factor in order for this project to be successful. Below is a list of all the stakeholders involved in this project i.e. people that are affected by the work that is done, who influence or have power over it or have an interest in its successful or down-and-out conclusion.Vishal Verma (Project Manager/Developer)The developers role will be to manage the project, exculpate sure all milestones are met and that the last product is produced within the set deadline.Jim Johnston (Client/General Manager)Jim will be the first point of contact. He manages most of the staff and deals with al l sales related aspects.Dean Forster (Store Manager/Company Owner)Dean is the owner of the store and will be the second point of contact.Project Method ApproachThere is one main objective, which needs to be fulfilled in order for this project to be a success. The new E Cell Mobile system needs to be fit for purpose. A system that is fit for purpose will ideally meet all user/business requirements of this project. Below is a quote from Harvey and jet (1993) that explains what fit for purpose actually is.Quality is thus judged in terms of the extent to which the product or service fits its purpose. This notion is quite remote from the idea of timbre as something special, distinctive, elitist, conferring status, or difficult to attain. It is a functional commentary of quality rather than an exceptional one. If something does the job it is designed for then it is a quality product or service. (p.16)Every product and service has the potential to fit its purpose and thus be a quality product or service. Fitness for purpose has emerged as the fashionable way to arms the drive for perfection. The ultimate measure of perfection, zero defects, whitethorn be excellent as a definition of quality but runs the fatal risk of being perfectly useless. If the product does not fit its purpose then its perfection is irrelevant. (p.17)This specific project will be using the DSDM approach, this is because by using the DSDM approach the project itself will be carefully planned e.g. MoSCoW, timeboxing, facilitated workshops etc. At times it can be very easy for a project manager to become unorganized especially if the project has not been planned and as result, the final results may be below satisfactory.Due to this reason MoSCoW prioritisation has been discussed preferably on in this report so that the project manager/developer and the client know what exactly the final product will subscribe.In conjunction to the management of this project, DSDM Atern will be the main foref ront. This technique generally focuses on Time, Cost and Quality.Figure 1 below (Atern Approach) states that Time, Cost, Quality is fixed and will not be changed throughout the projects life cycle, whereas features can be manipulated since it is a variable. The traditional approach to this is the complete opposite and will be avoided since quality should never be compromised.Facilitated WorkshopsFacilitated workshops are part of the DSDM Atern breeding approach. Since this project uses the Atern management method it was vital to incorporate the facilitated workshop technique into this project.By using an interactive environment, effective group dynamics and visual aids, facilitated workshops are designed to extract high quality of information in a smashed time frame in order to meet the predetermined set of deliverables.By constructing these workshops it will make it easier to achieve the targets that have been set from the beginning. The project manager will act as the facilitat or and arrange these meetings. schooling that maybe be discussed in the workshops is as followsWho is the target audience?How can the business reach out to customers?AdvertisingSponsorshipThe list is just a small bod of topics that maybe be discussed during the workshops. It is vital that all the project stakeholders attend these meetings. Facilitated workshops will give the project manager an overview of what needs to be done and the time everything needs to be completed in.DesignDuring the design phase of this project there were a number of solutions that came to mind. The new system that is to be created must overcome the problems faced by the old outdated/system. Below is a list of solutions that could be implemented to solve the problems discussed during the analysis phase.Rebuild the system on the shop floor. Install new database software and get faster and more reliable hardware to cater for the new database.Build a website to cater for customers, this will also have an onl ine databaseOpen a new split up in order expand the businessTwo of the solutions shown above (Rebuilding the system and opening a new branch) just do not seem feasibly. Opening a new branch would just to be too costly and would require a lot more man power, effort and time which the company does not have. In terms of rebuilding the new system, the cost of place a new database and installing new hardware was just too high and above the companys budget. The only measurable idea was to create a website this would be cost efficient and require minimal effort.The final solution was to create an E-Commerce website. This website will be online 24/7, and as a result can be accessed by staff members anytime of the day/night. Employees will no longer need to go to the shop floor to access the database. The website will contain an administrator account that will only be able to be accessed by staff members. This account will give access to the companys database, which will include access to product details, customer information and any transactions that have interpreted place.Users will be able to go onto this website buy a mobile phone (or any mobile accessories), add the item to a basket and then pay for it. PayPal will handle the payment system so the business will have the peace of mind that their money is safe and secure and so will the customers.The way the payment system will work is once the user has added an item to their shopping basket they will have the option to getout. The checkout page will give the user a brief description (preliminary invoice) of the transaction, this will include item description and number determine. On this page it will be made clear to the user that they will be salaried via PayPal and that a PayPal account is not necessary need in order to make a payment. Once the user accepts these conditions they will be redirected to PayPals payment page, this is where account details such as bank account number, sort code are entered. PayP al will verify this information and send out two emails. The first email will be sent to the customer verifying payment and the second email will be sent to the administrator of the site which will contain an invoice of that particular transaction. Once payment has been confirmed by PayPal the administrator can deliver the item to the customers address.Tracking of all delivered items will be provided to all customers. There will be a Tracking section on the website which will give a detailed explanation on how customers can track their purchased products. The way the tracking system will work is once the payment has been confirmed by PayPal the administrator will post the item via violet Mail/DHL to the customers address. gallant Mail/DHL will then provide the administrator with a tracking number. This particular number will be posted to the customer via email. The customer can then visit Royal Mails/DHLs website (the link for this is provided in the email) and enter the transacti on number to get a rough idea of when their purchased item will be arriving.Organisational BenefitsBy creating an E-Commerce website it will tackle all the problems the company is currently facing and also, it will be very cheap to run and maintain. Below is a list outlining the benefits of opening an E-Commerce store for E Cell Mobile.Expand businessInteract with a larger customer baseIncrease company revenueFaster and more reliable systemEasy to maintainSecureSoftware ToolsTo develop the website the following languages/tools/software will be usedPHP/PHP EditorThis will be used as the emcee side code. PHP will be used to communicate with the MySQL database.AJAXAJAX will be helpful since you can update part of a webpage without refreshing the whole content. So in this case the user can enter a search query and instead of refreshing the whole page the results for the search are shown instantlyJscript/jQueryGuided navigation menuMySQLAll customer/product data will be stored on a MySQ L database.Adobe Flash Flash player will be used on the home page in order attract the audience to the website.Swish This program will be used to create a flash video. Although this program is not freeware it is still possible to use the 30 day trial period.phpMyAdmin By using the easy to use GUI provided by phpMyAdmin it will make it a lot easier to manage the MySQL database.CSS/HTML/XML Designing the website (Aesthetics)Adobe Photoshop Constructing the company logoQuick n Easy FTP Uploading files to the serverApache v2.5 To enable local host a web server needs to be initialised ergo Apache will be utilised.PrototypingSince this project will use an agile approach it was important to build a horizontal prototype. This allows the developer to construct the product in an iterative cycle and therefore achieving repair functionality. The horizontal prototype is the man-machine interface (MMI). At first a quick field is drawn on a piece of paper in order to get an idea of what is to be done. To make a prototype for the E Cell Mobile system, the website www.gomockingbird.com was utilised. These prototype standards can be seen on page 15 (Figure 4, 4.1, 4.2 etc)During the horizontal prototyping surface interface software functionalities were not working but by creating a sketch (using the go mockingbird website) it allowed the developer to achieve a detection test. This helped to evaluate how easily other users could rede the interface. During the perception test users were just shown a bunch of windows and buttons, on a piece of paper. The users were then asked to explain what they understand from the information displayed before them. The results for the perceptions test can be seen in Appendix CHorizontal prototyping allows the developer to check the behavior of the interface and decipher the vital points, where usability inconsistencies are correspondingly to appear.After completing the horizontal prototype, and in order to get a full analysis of the user i nterface, another set of tests was done. These tests are know as Vertical Prototyping. This helped to implement a consistent set of functionalities in order to allow the user to achieve a typical scenario of usability. These tests were only done after the GUI was 90% complete. At this stage the prototyping consisted of a series of user tests during, which the vital points raised throughout the horizontal prototyping phase are evaluated.Usability analyseThis specific test allows identifying of usability problems and analysing their cause with the users. The user is given the system and allowed to beta test it in any way they like. Solutions are elaborated and implemented during this stage of the prototype and as a result may change the final look and feel of the system. The results for this particular test can be seen in Appendix E.This test was constructed after the website was completed. If any discrepancies were found during these tests then website was modified accordingly.GUI D esignBefore the implementation phase a few screen designs were constructed. This gave a rough idea of how the website should be built. These screen designs were shown to a random bunch of users in order to assess the usability of the interface (Perception testing Appendix C)The customer must enter their user name password into these fields in order to login.By using the Forgot discussion? link the user can input their email address which they used to lodge with the website, and a new password will be sent to this email address.By checking the Remember Me? check box a cookie will be added to the users internet explorer folder. This means the user will no longer need to type in their user name and password every time they visit this page. point of intersection DetailsThese are images of the productBreadcrumb trail the user can use these links to go back and forth.This section of the page displays information regarding the product.The user can use this link to tell a friend about a product listed on this page.Necessary information such as friends name, email etc must be filled outThe information in the Captcha must be entered to verify that you are charitable and not a bot.A message can be written regarding the contents of this email.A hornswoggle description of the company such as when it started and who is involved in the organisation. Contact information will also be shown in this section e.g. address, email telephone etc.Using the Google Maps API, E Cell Mobiles location will be shown on this interactive map.UML Case DiagramBelow is a case plat for the system that is to be built. It displays two Actors, the User and the Administrator. In the middle is the system where all calculations and processes are made. The user (customer) is able to perform a number of functions, such as searching for an item they wish to buy, adding that specific item to a basket, emailing the site owner etc. The Administrator is able to perform high priority decisions such as vie wing all customer transactions, removing or adding customer and product information etc.The ERM diagram shown in figure 6 displays the different types of tables that will be used in order to create the database. Each table has a different number of attributes and each attribute has its own data type. Each table has its own primary key this is a unique identifier for every table and is not repeated. Some tables include foreign keys this is a referential constraint between two tables. The entity relationships between each table can clearly be seen by the bold and dotted lines. Certain tables have a one to one relationship whereas some may have a one to zero relationship.This ERM fashion model was constructed using MySQL Workbench. This is a freeware program provided by MySQL. Information is taken from a phpMyAdmin database and then converted into an ERM model automatically.Below is a brief description of each table in the database.Admin UsersThis table holds details for all the admin istrators. Administrators are split into two categories Super User and User. An administrator classed as a super user will have full control over the website and an administrator classed as user will be able to control certain aspects of the website.SearchThis table holds details for all search related queries represent by the user. If a user searches for Apple iPhone then this particular search request will be recorded in to this table. This is mainly for the administrator to view and analyse what the most popular search requests are. As a result the admin can cater for the users needs. For example, a large number of users search for the same mobile phone however, there is no such phone is listed in the database. The administrator can view this particular search query and cater for the users needs by adding that specific handset model to the database and thus change magnitude sales.BrandsThis table will hold details for all the different types of brands of mobile phones and their related images.Order sum-upOnce the user has bought a product, the details of that particular transaction will accumulate in this table. This table will hold information such as customer details, product details and the total price of that particular sale. Towards the finalization of a transaction the customer is shown a summary page, this consists of details regarding their purchase. This information is taken from the Oder Summary table.InventoryThis table holds details of all the products in the database this will include attributes such as price, description, name etc.Order InventoryAll transactions that are made will be stored in this table.CustomerThis table holds customer details such address, phone number, postcode etc. act DiagramThe Activity diagram (Figure 7), displays how the new system will work. The current system works in a similar way however orders are not shipped to the customer, since the customer is already in store when making the purchase. The new system will be online and therefore when a customer makes a purchase their item will be delivered to their specified destination. An invoice will also be sent to the customer via email.The invoice will be sent to the users registered email address. Once payment has been made through PayPal, they administrator will be notified by PayPal, via an email outlining the transaction details and confirmation of payment.Dataflow Diagram (New/Improved User Interface)The dataflow diagram below shows a brief outline of how the user interface will look like for the new E Cell Mobile system. The diagram explains some user interactions such as, the user can search or browse for a product, items can be added to a shopping basket etc. From the flowchart we can clearly see that it is not obligatory for the user to login in order to search or browse the site however, in order to purchase an item it is mandatory that all users register and login.HostingWhen building a website it is crucial to setup a web server. Th is can either be hosted on your own personal computer or hosting can be bought. There are a number of advantages/disadvantages for hosting online and from your pc.As the developer of this project it is important to choose the correct hosting method so that it does not affect the development of the system. Below is a list of two hosting methods that can be used, each method has its pros and cons.LocalhostLocalhost means this computer and is donated by an IP address of 127.0.0.1. It can be used to host content to the World considerable Web. There is no charge for this since content is hosted from you own computer. In order for localhost to wor,k a web server needs to be installed. Since this website will be using a large database, MySQL and PHP also need to be installed.The two main web servers out there today are Apache and IIS. As the developer of this project it is important to decipher which one of these is the best web server to use for this project. After doing a bit of researc h the following results were obtained.IIS and Apache operate very differently and thus have a variety of advantages of disadvantages. IIS is designed and available to work only within the Windows environment. With IIS 6.0, the only platform currently supported is Windows Server 2003. Although this limits the deployment platf